Once the cumin is toasted, add the turmeric, ground coriander, ginger, green chili, and kasuri methi, then sauté briefly.
1/2 teaspoon ground turmeric, 1 teaspoon ground coriander, ginger (grated, to taste), green chili (minced, to taste), 1 tablespoon dried fenugreek leaves (kasuri methi)
Add the cauliflower, potatoes, red chili powder, and salt.
1/4 teaspoon red chili powder (or less, to taste), 1 teaspoon salt (or to taste)
Stir and sauté with the spices for 2 to 3 minutes.
Add the water, cover, and simmer over low heat for 5 to 6 minutes.
3 tablespoons water (plus 1 to 2 tablespoons more if needed)
Uncover, stir, and check doneness by crushing a piece of potato with a spoon. If the potato is still firm and the mixture looks dry, add a little water, then cover again and cook for another 5 minutes.
Uncover and check the potatoes again for doneness.
Add the amchur, garam masala, and fresh cilantro, then mix.
1/4 teaspoon dried mango powder (amchur), 1 teaspoon garam masala, 1 tablespoon fresh cilantro (chopped, plus more for serving)
Transfer to a serving dish, garnish with a little fresh cilantro, and serve hot with parathas, naan, or chapatis.
Notes
Soaking the cauliflower in salted water helps clean it thoroughly.
Adjust the chili and water as it cooks, depending on how tender the potatoes are and how moist you like the finished dish.